Mac自签名ssl证书, 绑定域名启用https

生成root CA(仅需一次)

自签名证书, IOS 13/macOS 10.15有了新规定, 所以需要按如下方式生成.

# 多个域名都可以用root CA签名
mkdir ~/.ssl; cd ~/.ssl;
openssl genrsa -out rootca.key 2048;
openssl req -new -key rootca.key -out rootca.csr -sha256 -subj "/CN=Dev Root CA"
echo "basicConstraints=CA:true" > rootca.cnf;
openssl x509 -req -in rootca.csr -signkey rootca.key -out rootca.crt -extfile rootca.cnf -sha256 -days 825;
open rootca.crt; # Mac钥匙串 打开(或, 双击文件名)
# 钥匙串: 搜索 Dev Root CA, 双击证书, 设置始终信任 (Trust - When using this certificate: Always Trust).
# for Android:
# openssl x509 -inform PEM -outform DER -in rootca.crt -out rootca.der.crt

创建本地ssl证书(使用lvh.me域名)

openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout lvh.me.key -out lvh.me.csr -sha256 -subj "/CN=lvh.me"
cat > domain.cnf <<-EOF
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:false
keyUsage=digitalSignature,keyEncipherment,dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth
subjectAltName=@alt_names
[alt_names]
DNS.1=lvh.me
DNS.2=*.lvh.me
DNS.3=*.test.lvh.me
EOF
# 使用root CA签名
openssl x509 -req -in lvh.me.csr -out lvh.me.crt -extfile domain.cnf -CA rootca.crt -CAkey rootca.key -CAcreateserial -sha256 -days 825

lvh.me 是一个指向127.0.0.1的泛域名服务, 优点: 不需要改DNS/hosts, 各项目使用不同的域名方便隔离(比如cookies/密码管理器). 类似的还有xip.io, nip.io, localtest.me, fuf.me, vcap.me等.

使用Apache或Nginx 绑定域名

• 使用Apache

  # 1. 编辑 `/etc/apache2/httpd.conf`
  # 注释掉 这些行:
  LoadModule mpm_prefork_module libexec/apache2/mod_mpm_prefork.so
  Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-ssl.conf
  # 最下面添加:
  Listen 443
  ServerName localhost
  LoadModule mpm_event_module libexec/apache2/mod_mpm_event.so
  LoadModule proxy_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy.so
  LoadModule proxy_http_module libexec/apache2/mod_proxy_http.so
  LoadModule macro_module libexec/apache2/mod_macro.so
  LoadModule ssl_module libexec/apache2/mod_ssl.so
  LoadModule socache_shmcb_module libexec/apache2/mod_socache_shmcb.so
  LoadModule http2_module libexec/apache2/mod_http2.so
  Include /Users/leon/.ssl/httpd-vhosts.conf
  
  # 2. 编辑 ~/.ssl/httpd-vhosts.conf, 增加:
  <Macro SSLLvh>
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.key
    Protocols h2 http/1.1
  </Macro>
  <Macro Test>
    ServerName test.lvh.me
    ProxyRequests off
    <Location />
      ProxyPass http://localhost:3000/
      ProxyPassReverse http://localhost:3000/
    </Location>
  </Macro>
  <VirtualHost *:80>
    Use Test
  </VirtualHost>
  <VirtualHost *:443>
    Use SSLLvh
    Use Test
  </VirtualHost>
  <Macro Demo>
  # ...
  </Macro>
  <VirtualHost *:443>
    Use SSLLvh
    Use Demo
  </VirtualHost>
  
  # 3. 启动Apache
  # sudo apachectl configtest # test
  sudo apachectl -k restart # 启动
  # sudo apachectl -e debug # print errors
  # sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.apache.httpd.plist # 开机启动

• 使用 Nginx

  sudo apachectl -k stop # 停止 apache 服务
  brew install nginx # 用brew安装
  # 编辑 `/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`
  # listen 80; 改为: listen 80;
  # root   html; 改为:
  # root /Users/leon/Downloads;
  # autoindex on;
  # include servers/*; 改为: include conf.d/*.conf;
  
  chmod 755 /Users/leon/Downloads
  mkdir /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d;
  # 编辑 `/usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf`;
  server {
    listen 80;
    server_name test.lvh.me;
    # include lvh_ssl.conf;
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    ssl_certificate /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /Users/leon/.ssl/lvh.me.key;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    location / {
      proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
    }
  }
  # fix Permission denied while uploading
  sudo chmod o+x /usr/local/var
  sudo chown -vhR nobody:admin /usr/local/var/run/nginx
  # brew services list
  sudo brew services restart nginx # 启动
  # sudo brew services stop nginx
  sudo nginx -s reload # 重启

接下来就可以使用 https://test.lvh.me 访问本地项目了.